Active Vibration Control & Smart Structures

Active vibration control is defined as a technique in which the vibration of a structure is reduced by applying counter force to the structure that is appropriately out of phase but equal in force and amplitude to the original vibration. As a result two opposing forces cancel each other, and structure essentially stops vibrating.

Techniques like use of springs, pads, dampers, etc have been used previously in order to control vibrations. These techniques are known as ‘Passive Vibration Control Techniques’. They have limitations of versatility and can control the frequencies only within a particular range of bandwidth. Hence there is a requirement for ‘Active Vibration Control’.

‘Active Vibration Control’ makes use of ‘Smart Structures’. This system requires sensors, actuators, a source of power and a compensator that performs well when vibration occurs. Smart Structures are used in bridges, trusses, buildings, mechanical systems, space vehicles, telescopes, and so on. The analysis of a basic structure can help improve the performance of the structures under poor working conditions involving vibrations.