Smart Structure
Smart Structure comprise of host structure along with Sensors, Actuators & controller networks. Consider a simply supported beam as a smart structure.
The major components are:
Sensor Patch
It is bonded to the host structure (Beam). It is generally made up of piezoelectric crystals (one of the smartest materials). It senses the disturbance of the beam and generates a charge which is directly proportional to its strain. Direct piezoelectric effect is used here.
Controller
The charge developed by the sensor is given to the controller. The controller lines the charge according to suitable control gain and then the charge is fed to the actuator. Controller also forms the feed back transfer function for this system.
Actuator Patch
The lined up charge from the controller is fed to the actuator. An actuator is a piezoelectric patch bonded to the host. Due to the input voltage, actuator causes pinching action (or generates shear force along the surface of the host which acts as the damping force and helps in the attenuating vibration motion of the beam. Converse piezoelectric effect is used here.
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